Time to put the balls on the table, quite literally. Testicular cancer might not be a topic you casually bring up in a chat, but it’s nevertheless important and concerning 480 new men per year in Switzerland. Knowing what’s up (or, in this case, down) can make a big difference. Let’s break it down and talk about testicular cancer.
The good news up front: survival rates are high
First, take a deep breath. Testicular cancer is one of the most treatable types of cancer, similar to prostate cancer or breast cancer. The overall survival rate is around 95% if diagnosed in the early stages. So while it’s serious, it’s not all doom and gloom.
How to recognize testicular cancer
So, what should you look for? Testicular cancer often starts as a small lump or swelling in one testicle. Here are the main things to watch for:
- A lump or bump that wasn’t there before. It’s usually painless, but not always.
- Swelling or enlargement of one testicle.
- A heavy feeling in the scrotum.
- Dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin.
- Sudden fluid buildup in the scrotum.
If you notice anything unusual, don’t ignore it. It’s better to get it checked out by your urologist and have it be nothing than to let it slide and regret it later.
How to check for testicular cancer
Self-checks are key. It’s quick, easy, and you can do it in the privacy of your own home—preferably in the shower when things are warm and relaxed. Here’s how:
- Roll one testicle at a time between your thumb and fingers.
- Feel for lumps, bumps, or changes in size or consistency.
- Compare your testicles. It’s normal for one to be slightly larger or hang lower, but drastic differences should raise a red flag.
Do this once a month, and if something feels off, contact your practitioner
What to do if you find something
First off, don’t panic. Not every lump is cancer. It could be a benign condition like a cyst or varicocele. That said, it’s important to get it checked. Start with your general practitioner (GP) or a urologist—a specialist for all things related to surgical and medical diseases of the urinary system and the reproductive organs. The checks they will do are usually the following:
- Blood tests: To check for tumor markers.
- Échographie: A painless way to see what’s going on inside.
If it is testicular cancer, catching it early means more treatment options and a better outcome.
What happens after a diagnosis?
If testicular cancer is diagnosed, the first step is usually surgery to remove the affected testicle (don’t worry, you can still live a perfectly normal life with just one). If you want kids, there is a possibility to freeze your sperm. Depending on the stage, you might need additional treatment like:
- Radiation therapy: To target any remaining cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: If the cancer has spread beyond the testicle.
The recovery process varies, but the survival rate is 95% for localized tumors and is even 70 to 80% when metastases are present.
Who is likely to get testicular cancer?
It’s most common in younger men, typically between the ages of 15 and 35. Risk factors include:
- A family history of testicular cancer.
- An undescended testicle.
- Being white
- Consuming cannabis
That doesn’t mean you’re immune if you’re outside these categories, so regular self-checks are still a must.
Take charge of your health
Testicular cancer isn’t something to fear—it’s something to be aware of. Self-checks take just a couple of minutes a month, and they could save your life. If you notice anything unusual, don’t hesitate to see a doctor. Remember, early detection is everything.
Stay healthy, stay informed, and don’t be afraid to talk about the important stuff—even if it’s a bit uncomfortable. Your future self will thank you. 👊
