You may have seen articles claiming that human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is the next big virus to watch out for. On social media, some people are even comparing it to Covid-19. Before panicking, let’s take a step back and understand what hMPV really is, why respiratory viruses are making the news right now, and how to protect yourself easily.
What is hMPV?
hMPV, or human metapneumovirus, is a respiratory virus that has been known for many years. Like other seasonal viruses, such as the flu, hMPV can cause a range of respiratory symptoms: cough, congestion, fever, sore throat, and more. For most people, it resolves on its own within a few days.
However, similar to the flu or RSV, hMPV can lead to more severe complications in vulnerable individuals, which is why it’s important to protect yourself and those around you.
Is hMPV a new pandemic?
Comparisons between hMPV and Covid-19 have sparked discussions, but the World Health Organization (WHO) and local health authorities, particularly in China, agree that it does not have the characteristics of a pandemic. Here’s why.
Recent increases in hMPV cases in China have drawn attention, but health authorities have clarified that the reported cases fall within the expected range for this type of respiratory illness during winter. China’s rigorous surveillance and more frequent testing for respiratory illnesses mean more cases are detected there compared to countries with less testing. This could give the impression that the numbers are higher than they truly are.
Unlike Covid-19, hMPV does not spread on the same scale and does not have the same pandemic potential. While it can cause serious complications like pneumonia in high-risk groups, it typically results in mild symptoms and resolves on its own in most people.
What do experts say?
Health organizations agree: while hMPV is worth monitoring, it does not pose a pandemic threat. Unlike Covid-19, which was novel and highly transmissible, hMPV is a well-known seasonal illness. The seasonal rise in cases is normal and expected, especially in colder climates where people spend more time indoors.
That said, if you have pre-existing health conditions, such as a weakened immune system or respiratory issues, you should remain cautious, as hMPV can lead to complications.
Why does it feel like viruses such as hMPV are spreading more?
It might seem like viruses have been circulating more in recent years, but this perception is linked to the Covid-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, people adopted strict hygiene measures like mask-wearing and social distancing. These precautions not only slowed the spread of Covid but also reduced the transmission of other viruses.
Now that people are less diligent with these measures, we’re seeing a “catch-up” in the spread of regular respiratory infections. This is normal—seasonal viruses are returning to their usual patterns. Winter, as always, is a time when infections are more common. The increased focus on hMPV or the flu in the news is therefore not surprising.
When should you see a doctor?
Most of the time, hMPV causes mild symptoms that resolve on their own after a few days of rest. However, if you belong to a high-risk group (such as those with lung problems or weakened immune systems) or if your symptoms worsen or persist (e.g., high fever that doesn’t subside, difficulty breathing), don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare professional.
No need to panic!
While hMPV is making headlines, it is far from being the new Covid-19. This virus is a common seasonal pathogen that poses little risk to the majority of the population, though extra caution is advisable for vulnerable individuals. By adopting a few basic preventative measures, you can protect yourself and those around you not just from hMPV, but from other respiratory illnesses as well.
